FROLITICKS

Satirical commentary on Canadian and American current political issues

Walking a Tightrope When Discussing Human Rights and China

Back in March of this year, Canada joined other Western allies in sanctioning Chinese officials who are suspected of involvement in the persecution of China’s Uighur Muslim minority in the western province of Xinjiang.  There has been an on-going war of words between Chinese officials and state media with the Canadian government over alleged human rights violations in the mistreatment of its Uyghur minority.  More recently, this public war of words escalated with a Chinese anti-Canada offensive soon after the discovery of hundreds of unmarked graves containing the remains of children at former indigenous residential schools in Canada.  Much of the criticism towards Canada, and in particular towards Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, was openly levelled by a Chinese Communist Party newspaper with an active online presence.  The Prime Minister has accused Beijing of having failed even to admit its present-day human rights problems, let alone take measures to alleviate them.  Trudeau views this failure as a “fundamental difference” compared to Canada.  However, with various active Chinese support groups located in Canada, particularly in Chinese communities and on college campuses, one can expect that the state supported campaign will continue for some time to come.

In addition, there is always the matter of economic and trade initiatives between Canada and China to consider.  The Canada China Business Council (CCBC) is a powerful high level lobby group that promotes a greater degree of commercial and diplomatic interaction between Canada and China.  The influential CCBC’s board of directors is a who’s who of Canada’s power elite.  The Council has head a number of trade missions to China, promoting lucrative Canadian business ties in China.  As one observer noted, even the Crown corporation which invests taxpayers’ money, the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, has invested to the tune of $56 billion, or 12 percent of their total investments, in China.  Investments can include companies with provable links to human rights abuses.  Moreover, it has become clear that Canadian accusations of human rights violations by Chinese authorities is little more than an annoyance, intended primarily for our domestic consumption and not to be taken seriously.  Business goes on as usual.

The reality is that Canadian authorities understand this delicate relationship when it comes to Chinese foreign and domestic policies.  As in the case of Australia and the U.S., the Chinese state propaganda machine will counter with its own accusations of human rights violations in other countries, whether past or present.  They certainly have a vast array of means to counter what they view as foreign interference in their domestic affairs, whether through their on-line presence or through sources readily available within other countries.  Let’s face it, Canada by itself is not in a position to discredit those sources, and indeed may not really want to rock the boat for fear of creating future trade barriers.  When openly discussing human rights in China, Canada is forced to cautiously walk a tightrope.

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Should Canada Get Into a Trade War With China?

Andrew Scheer, leader of the opposition federal part Conservatives in Parliament, has come out on the national campaign trail swinging against China. He has called for placing tariffs on Chinese imports in retaliation for China’s recent blockage of Canadian agricultural products such as pork and canola. Much of China’s actions have to do with current extradition hearings, requested by U.S. authorities, against Huawei Technologies Co. Chief Financial Officer Meng Wanzhou. Ms. Meng is being held in custody in her Vancouver mansion awaiting the start of these hearings which could take months. In retaliation, China has charged two former Canadian diplomats with espionage and they are being held in detention.

Next to the U.S., China is Canada’s major trading partner. Canada has been pushing for entry into the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade agreement, negotiations for which the U.S. withdrew from under President Trump. The TPP would allow Canada to strengthen economic ties with Asian countries and reduce its reliance on the U.S. markets. Then there is Canada’s current relationship with China’s Huawei corporation which is a world leader in wireless technology. Pressure is being put on Canadians by the Americans to limit the involvement of Huawei in their telecommunications sector due to national security concerns.

Prime Minister Trudeau has to be very careful in his government’s approach to China given the potential negative impacts on the Canadian economy. With respect to the two Canadians in Chinese custody, he has correctly obtained the support of Canada’s major allies to put diplomatic pressure on China. However, getting into a trade war with China would not be advisable at this time given that billions of dollars of trade would be at risk. Canada would be better off looking to diversify its trade with other Asian countries such as Vietnam. Vietnam has been Canada’s largest trading partner in the ASEAN region since 2015. In 2017, two-way merchandise trade between Canada and Vietnam reached $6.2 billion, up from $5.5 billion in 2016. In 2017, Canada’s merchandise exports to Vietnam in 2017 amounted to approximately $1.1 billion. India is another country to be seriously considered for trade expansion as Canadian exports to India were over $3 Billion (US) during 2017.

Chinese companies provide Canadians with many affordable goods (just think of Walmart and Dollarama) and trade opportunities. Any move to imposing tariffs would only hurt the average Canadian through increased costs for such goods.  The China-U.S. trade war, which is hurting average Americans, has only further complicated matters.  Yes, there are political and humanitarian concerns with China’s domestic policies, but so are there similar concerns in other industrialized countries. Throwing more gas on the fires is not going to help resolve anything at this time.  As a middle power caught in a dispute between the world’s two largest economies, I would suggest that the Canadian government continue to take a slow, calculated and cautious approach to these issues.

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