Now that anti-coronavirus vaccines are on the horizon, possibly as early as next month in the U.S., who among us is ready to be vaccinated? Bioethicists are now jumping into the fray in order to suggest some alternative approaches for early vaccination selection. According to the Canadian National Advisory Committee on Immunization, it is recommending four initial key groups: those at risk of severe illness and death (such as the elderly or those with pre-existing conditions), essential workers most likely to transmit the disease (such as health-care workers), those at risk who live in communities that could suffer disproportionate consequences (such as isolated Indigenous communities), and other workers providing services that contribute to “the functioning of society.
Up to now, the Canadian federal government, which is responsible for the eventual national distribution of vaccines to the regions, has given little indication as to which groups will receive the first inoculations. Since the coronavirus has especially been deadly for seniors and particularly those in long-term care residences, it would not be a surprise that their residents and staffs would be at the front of the line. After that, officials will most probably target health care workers and first responders who are needed to treat persons sick with COVID-19. Given the current increasing numbers of cases in the U.S. and Canada, there is little doubt that more hospitalizations will occur. Unfortunately, the arrival of vaccines will not curtail the impending massive increases over the winter period in related death tolls. Others who are young and for the most part healthy will likely have to wait to be vaccinated.
Then there are those who will not want to be vaccinated for whatever reasons. It’s impossible for anyone to be forced to take the COVID-19 vaccine once it’s available. Opinion polls have shown that over one in four Americans are very likely going to not get vaccinated, some of whom are anti-vaccinationists to begin with. Others will simply take a wait and see approach, not trusting the claims by public health officials that the vaccines are safe with no serious side effects. Another consideration is that while at least 19 countries already have programs in place that compensate individuals injured by vaccines, Canada does not except for Quebec. The U.S. has the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program which is a no-fault alternative to the traditional legal system for resolving vaccine injury petitions. However, individuals must file a petition for compensation with the U.S. Court of Federal Claims if they believe they were injured by a covered vaccine. Resolving such claims is no doubt a lengthy process with no guarantee of compensation in the end.
Failure to get vaccinated may come with specific consequences. For example, one can certainly imagine that the authorities and businesses may want proof of vaccination before someone can return to work or go to school. Furthermore, one’s freedom to travel by air or public transportation may be restricted without proof of immunization. Until much of the population is adequately vaccinated and so-called “herd immunity” sets in, people are being urgently warned to continue to avoid crowds, wear masks and practice good hygiene in the meantime. It will be many months until we will have this terrible virus under control, hopefully as a result of the effective implementation of national and regional vaccination programs. This includes the buy-in of the majority of the population. As they say, hope rests eternal!